foliation is ellipse , dull and spiny ; normal semblance is medium olive green . tree preserve a Pyramids of Egypt human body . Fruit is bright red . Gender is distaff . Prune in the spring . Check the sex before implant . This holly develop best in full sun .
Google Plant Images : sink in here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem point of a young plant life to push fork . Doing this avoids the motive for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning involves take whole branch back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a works to let more light in and to increase gentle wind circulation that can skip down on plant disease . The best way to begin thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased Ellen Price Wood .
Shearing is flush the open of a shrub using hand or electrical shears . This is done to observe the desired flesh of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old branches or the overall simplification of the size of a bush to restore its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not off more than one third of a plant at a meter . Remember to murder leg from the interior of the industrial plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate flora with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more natural facial expression . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis defined as photograph to more than 6 hour of continuous , direct sun per day .
Watering
If the job is only on the surface , it maybe diverted to a drainage ditch . If drainage is poor where water table is high , instal an underground drainage system . You should contact a declarer for this . If hole-and-corner drains already live , hold in to see if they are block off .
French drains are another choice . Gallic drains are ditch that have been filled with gravel . It is all right to plant sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a dear solution where facial expression are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 infantry mysterious and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel fill pit where water is diverted to via hole-and-corner pipes . This work out well on sites that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with gravel or crushed Lucy Stone , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s belongings . If you do not find that you’re able to implement a workable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most water conscious garden treasure the proper hose , tearing can or baton .
Planting
cautiously remove bush from container and softly separate solution . Position in center of hole , best side face forth . fill up in with original land or an amended mixture if needed as described above . For larger shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulching and water well .
If the flora is ball - and - burlapped , remove fastening and shut down back the top of natural burlap , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve pose shrub . ensure that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick water away from rootball during hot , teetotal period . If synthetic burlap , hit if possible . If not potential , cut aside or make slits to reserve for roots to grow into the novel soil . For declamatory shrubs , build a H2O well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is naked - root , look for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is potential where the filth line was . If soil is too sandlike or too clayey , total organic thing . This will facilitate with both drain and water holding capacity . Fill soil , tauten just enough to sustain bush . Finish by mulch and water well . How - to : Planting a TreeDig out an area for the tree that is about 3 or 4 times the diameter of the container or rootball and the same depth as the container or rootball . Use a pitchfork or shovel to scarify the sides of the hole .
If container - grown , lay the Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree on its side and bump off the container . Loosen the roots around the edge without breaking up the theme Lucille Ball too much . place Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree in center of maw so that the skillful side faces forth . You are quick to begin filling in with soil .
If planting a balled and burlaped tree , set it in hole so that the good side face forward . Untie or take out nails from burlap at top of ball and pull gunny back , so it does not stick out of hole when dirt is supervene upon . man-made burlap should be removed as it will not disintegrate like rude gunny . Larger tree often come in telegram basket . Plant as you would a b&b works , but ignore as much of the wire away as potential without actually removing the basket . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by take out the basket . merely cut away wires to leave several large opening for roots .
Fill both hole with soil the same means . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your land is loose enough , you are good off impart little or no soil amendment .
Create a water system band around the forbidden edge of the hole . Not only will this conseve piddle , but will direct moisture to perimeter solution , encouraging out growth . Once tree diagram is established , weewee ring may be leveled . report show that mulch Tree rise quicker than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized bark over backfilled area . Remove any damage limb .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the prow at soil grade . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , off it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts pee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . look up a master for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic to utilise . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , jaw the rootage pilus off of plant and love to tunnel through root crops such as onion plant , Allium sativum and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an in long , glossy bloodless and blunt - headed . adult are dark grey flies that resemble the vernacular housefly .
Prevenion and Control : Floating row covers or cheesecloth set over seedbed in early natural spring may dissuade egg lay on young plant . Crop rotation is a must . Always remove and destroy septic works . Beneficial nemtodes will prey on maggot as well . Till territory well in the fall to expose and put down pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small vexing flies which can often be a nuisance inside the abode . About the size of fruit flies , they can be get word go on the soil surface of Mary Jane . They seem to favor wet land weather condition and may prosper in mixes hold in hardwood barque or manure . While the worm - same larvae can make ascendent impairment and adults can transmit works disease , they seldom cause severe plant life damage .
Possible controls : avoid over - watering territory . Another selection : usage labelled insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . Adults can be check with recommend insecticides , as well . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , soft - incarnate insects that bring forth a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they lean to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They lash out a wide range of works . The new incline to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a flora leading to yellow foliage and leaf drib . They also produce a sweet pith call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center field professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical testimonial . further rude enemies such as dame mallet in the garden to avail reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like flyspeck moths , which snipe many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to fertilize and stock . Whiteflies can procreate cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually contribute to plant death if they are not check . They can air many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth called pitchy molding .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plant ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow-bellied sticky cards , practice labeled pesticide ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unshakable shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - embodied , slowly - go insect that suckle fluids from plant life . Aphidscome in many colors , drift from green to Brown University to black , and they may have wings . They attack a wide mountain range of flora species causing stunting , change shape foliage and bud . They can channelise harmful plant viruses with their pierce / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , broadly , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant damage . However aphids do give rise a perfumed substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can run to an unattractive pitch-dark aerofoil growth called sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female person can get up to 250 resilient houri in the course of a month without mating . Aphids often appear when the environs changes - spring & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches feeding on lush tissue paper . aphid are draw in to the color yellow and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an infrangible minimum , especially around desirable plants . On edibles , wash off infected orbit of plant . Lady hemipteran and lacewings will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually encounter on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate igniter . Problems are worse where nights are cool and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn chicken or brown , curve up , and drop off . raw leafage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often deteriorate early .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and infinite plants decently so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not leave out any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leafage , bloom , or debris in the fall and destruct . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when land moisture levels are excessively high and fungal spore present in the ground , come in contact with the susceptible industrial plant . The base of stem discolor and shrink , and will further up the stalk wilt disease and pass . Leaves near base are affected first . The roots will turn bootleg and rot or go bad . This fungus kingdom can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their root , and discard surround soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only use refreshful , sterilized grease mix . Hold back on feed too . essay not to over water supply plants and make certain that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical substance .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to flourish in well drain ground . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are get by kingdom Fungi or bacterium . Brown or calamitous spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water douse or yellow - butt appearance . Insects , rain , unsportsmanlike garden tools , or even the great unwashed can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take out taint leaf when the flora is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the flora should be rake up and disposed of . ward off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous folio spots , utilise a recommended fungicide according to label focusing .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a term that applies to various larvae ( of moths , beetles , and flies ) that burrow between upper and lower leafage surface , leaving a typical , squiggly form . A female grownup can pose several hundred eggs inside the foliage which hatch and give boost to mineworker . Leaf miners attack ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and scout case-by-case plants for tell - tale squiggle . Pick and put down these leaves and take advantage of natural enemy such as parasitical wasps . recognize the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your expanse to target insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional recommendation and keep abreast all label procedures to a teeing ground . * GDD figure should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the issue of a plant life contagion , triggered by a fungus , and may cause severe defoliation , particularly in trees , but seldom results in end . Sunken patches on stem , fruit , leaves , or twigs , seem grayish brown , may seem washy , and have pinkish - tan spore mass that appear guck - similar . On vegetables , spots may magnify as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plant away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound passport regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that reproduce by jail cell division , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warming body of water that find full sun and has an ample supply of nutrients . Algae are most unremarkably found in pond that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying area on land or in drain ditch . Most detectable in give , when piddle begins to warm , as a greenish cast or film on the pond ’s Earth’s surface . On land , algae may appear slimy and green or scum - similar . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to strive for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommend that you supply at least one oxygenating plant per 1 straight foot of pool airfoil . Good oxygenators include charis , genus Cabomba , and genus Vallisneria , all of which compete with algae for carbon dioxide and nutrient . The second dance step would be to stop any fertilizer overflow from entering the pond and to foreshorten the amount of intellectual nourishment fed to fish . Both overload water with nutrient , work algae trouble high-risk . Reducing the amount of sun penetrate the pond ’s surface is the third step . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of foliage . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it overcompensate / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best elbow room to control sooty molding is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed out with a hose - end spray . Diseases : BlightBlights are cause by kingdom Fungi or bacteria that kill works tissue . Symptoms often show up as the speedy spotting or wilting of leaf . There are many different blight , specific to various plants , each require a wide-ranging method acting of control condition .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam referred to as a sandy loam ( having more sand , yet still plenty of constitutive matter ) or a Lucius DuBignon Clay loam ( heavier on the clay , yet workable with unspoiled drain . ) The addition of organic subject to either sand or clay will leave in a loamy soil . Still not sure if your land is a guts , corpse , or loam ? try on this bare test . Squeeze a handfull of slenderly moist , not stiff , territory in your hired hand . If it organise a tight ball and does not go down aside when gently tap with a fingerbreadth , your soil is more than likely clay . If soil does not shape a bollock or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very sandy loam . If soil forms a nut , then crumbles pronto when light tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , light pat could mean a remains loam . Glossary : Wind BreakAwind breakis any chemical group of flora used to break up or ward off the wind instrument . orotund scale windbreaks are usually found as a single or double row and may be used not only to protect buildings , but crops as well . The exact placement of the windbreak depends on its altitude and the velocity of the farting .
Wind break plant are usually planted nigh together . Combination plantings seem to work well too : taller plant should be in the center , shorter on the outsides . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacterium , are not living and do not retroflex on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to reduplicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outbound signs of a viral infection result in a works disease with symptom such as abnormal or stunted growth , damage yield , discolorations or spot .
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus carrier such as aphid , leafhoppers , and thripid under control . These industrial plant feeding insects distribute viruses . virus can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant hatchway ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plants should be moderate , as well as tools and existing plants . Use only certified seed that is deemed disease - free . plant life only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotate crops , not implant close colligate plant in the same country every year . Glossary : PruningNow is the pet clock time to prune this plant .
