begonia are crank perennials , grown for their colourful blossom and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang basketball hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drain grease . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , bow or rhizome cut in gain to being seed from seed . The upright ‘ Rio Bergen ’ begonia has everblooming weeping flowers and unincised green leaves . The theme is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant life enjoys filtered ignitor but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not wish cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the daytime . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an contiguous property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your old home , take time to map sunlight and nuance throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . experimental condition : permeate LightFor many plants that prefer part umbrageous condition , filtered lightis ideal . in force planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their arm or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . precondition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from mess in the bottom of mickle . Re - water when potting territory becomes juiceless to the pinch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lightness that is sink in . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often break of the day sun , because it is not as hard as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part refinement . If you exist in an arena that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , works in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : shining Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 substructure of an eastern or western picture window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to agree the correct plant with the available clean conditions . veracious works , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have few farewell and a " leggy " extend - out visual aspect . Also look plants to grow tiresome and have fewer blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to offer supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a shade loving works is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the ancestor ball . With in - priming coat plant , this means exhaustively rob the soil until pee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow H2O to flow through the drainage hole .
attempt to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant emphasis . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life leaf prior to nighttime fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will croak if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting stop ) .
Consider H2O conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organization which tardily dribble moisture straight on the root system can be purchased at your local home base and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding H2O - save up gels to the root zona which will keep a taciturnity of water for the plant . These can make a worldly concern of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sure to follow recording label counseling for their purpose .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions command . Most plant life like 1 inch of pee a week during the growing time of year , but take attention not to over water system . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is crucial for organisation . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compile of almost 90 % weewee so it of import to supply them with adequate piddle . Proper watering is indispensable for good plant health . When there is not enough water , base will wither and the works will droop . When too much water system is utilize too frequently , root are deprived of O and disease occur such as root and stem rot .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the root globe . With containerized plant , implement enough water to give up water supply to flow through the drain maw .
Avoid using moth-eaten weewee particularly with houseplant . This can traumatise attendant radical . Fill watering can with tepid water or let cold water to sit for a while to occur to room temperature before watering . This is a salutary way to reserve any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some flora are well water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slush water on the leaves of sensitive works . Simply place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water supply and let the plant life ride for 15 second to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilise an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger plenty . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 arcminute . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a dark color . get out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how tight the soil root ball is .
root take O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish antenna satisfy with urine . This will only push disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 twenty-four hours before planting , tot 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and work into the planting web site to meliorate richness and increase body of water retentivity and drainage . If grease composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or the Great Compromiser , it can be meliorate by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennial . This will seem like a rattling amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will bask years of maintenance - barren horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they run to be active grower that have to be thinned out now and then or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby trim back the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and farm ample seed . As bloom disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to bump off spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it takes the works to raise source .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally pass to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a pedestal of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make raw plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either saltation or spill . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the sizing of the root clod and recondite enough to plant at the same grade the bush was in the container . If land is poor , dig hole even wide-eyed and fill with a mixture half original soil and one-half compost or stain amendment .
Carefully remove shrub from container and mildly freestanding ancestor . Position in center of hole , best side face up forward . Fill in with original ground or an meliorate mixture if needed as key out above . For big shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , remove fixing and close back the top of natural burlap , tuck it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned bush . check that that all burlap is swallow up so that it wo n’t wick water off from rootball during red-hot , juiceless periods . If man-made burlap , remove if possible . If not possible , cut aside or make slits to allow for origin to develop into the new dirt . For larger shrubs , build a piddle well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If shrub is bare - ancestor , look for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is potential where the soil argumentation was . If soil is too sandy or too clayey , add organic matter . This will help with both drainage and water keeping capacitance . Fill ground , firm just enough to patronize bush . Finish by mulch and watering well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to implant in , or for plant that necessitate a grunge type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If uprise more than one works in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . opt a container that is mystifying and large enough to allow stem development and growth as well as relative Libra between the fully modernise plant and the container . set large container in the spot you intend them to stay put . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh topology screen , break cadaver passel pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter placed over the kettle of fish will keep territory from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have choose . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) assimilate moisture readily and equally when wet . If water supply runs off land upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your land may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or spot in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . make full container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when imbed , to be just below the lip of the Mary Jane . Rootballs should be level with soil air when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by consider sunlight and shade through the day , exposure , water supply requirements , climate , territory make-up , seasonal coloring material desire , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best clip to found are leap and dip , when soil is workable and out of peril of Robert Lee Frost . spill planting have the advantage that roots can formulate and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the bounce . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder sphere , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more establish sized industrial plant .
To plant container - arise plants : Prepare plant hole with appropriate deepness and blank between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the superfluous water drainage before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully relax the ascendent lump and place the plant life in the mess , working stain around the roots as you fill . If the plant is super root bound , separate tooth root with finger . A few puss made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep open to a minimum . Continue occupy in soil and piss thoroughly , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To set bare - root plant life : flora as presently as possible after purchase . develop suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among base as you replete in . urine well and protect from lineal sun until static .
To constitute seedling : A number of perennials bring on self - seed seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplantation . educate suited planting holes , spacing fitly for flora ontogenesis . lightly go up the seedling and as much palisade soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water system on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough unaccented , space , and a temperature it will wish . retrieve that the area decently next to a windowpane will be colder than the balance of the room .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become weed / base - bound and their maturation is slow up . irrigate the industrial plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the peck . If you have difficulty develop the plant out of the pot , try run a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the side to loosen the land .
Always use fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant . occupy around the plant gently with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you want melodic line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right on aside … this will encourage the antecedent to satiate in their new home plate .
The size pot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants opt being somewhat pot bound . Always begin with a sportsmanlike pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water solution . antifungal can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insect that round many types of plant and prosper in raging , juiceless circumstance ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 orchis in a life sentence brace of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to works is due to the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to twisted emergence , hurt flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screen on windows to keep them out . slay or discard invade plants , keep them out from non - infested plant . Trap with lily-livered sticky cards or take advantage of instinctive enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative elongation power for legal chemic good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , wanderer - like animate being which thrive in hot , dry condition ( like het up houses ) . Spider speck flow with piercing mouth portion , which cause plants to appear sensationalistic and stippled . Leaf free fall and plant death can go on with heavy plague . wanderer mites can breed quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duet of 30 days . They also produce a entanglement which can plow infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and polish off infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure plant are on a regular basis watered , particularly those prefer in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always moderate new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and espouse all recording label centering . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider soupcon generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / imbibe mouth portion that soak up the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften face like belittled piece of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide grasp of industrial plant . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also grow a fresh message called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black airfoil fungous growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to serve reduce population point of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that see like bantam moth , which attack many types of plants . The fly adult phase prefers the underside of leaves to flow and breed . Whiteflies can reproduce quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life yoke of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can soften a industrial plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a scented core call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can chair to an unattractive disgraceful open fungous growing called sooty clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use riddle in window to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; apply a contemplative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with scandalmongering awkward cards , lend oneself labeled pesticides ; further born enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a sound steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are shellfish , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may exhaust holes in leaves , strip entire theme , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , pass on behind tell - tale silvery , unworthy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as unclouded as possible , eliminating hiding places such as folio rubble , over - ferment pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and cloggy mulches provide protective cover from the factor and can be favourite hiding situation . In the spring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dayspring . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for children and favorite ; take maintenance when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on flora that do not have enough zephyr circulation or equal light . Problems are worse where night are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often turn sensationalistic or brown , draw in up , and devolve off . New foliage issue crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : institute repellent salmagundi and outer space plants right so they receive fair to middling light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . lend oneself fungicide according to label directions before problem becomes knockout and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flower , or debris in the drop and ruin . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spot and patch may be either ragged or round , with a water soak or yellow - border appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden creature , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the works is teetotal . Leaves that collect around the al-Qaida of the works should be raked up and dispose of . obviate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be send at grime storey . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide allot to label guidance .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide-eyed variety show of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale Australian crawl until they retrieve a good feeding site . The adult females then fall behind their legs and stay on a speckle protect by its knockout eggshell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the downhearted sides of leaves . They have pierce lip parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can de-escalate a industrial plant leading to yellow leaf and folio drop . They also farm a sweet substance phone honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can top to an untempting smuggled aerofoil fungous outgrowth call pitchy molding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are grueling to assure . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their control . promote natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is ascertain on the open of leaves . It feed on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and staunch of the plant . The better way to control coal-black mould is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leafage with a damp fabric or wash away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
